Prolog Language: Basic Information
Purpose: Prolog (Programming in Logic) is a high-level programming language primarily used for computational linguistics, artificial intelligence, and problem-solving applications that involve complex data structures, pattern matching, and rule-based logic.
Key Features:
- Declarative Nature: Prolog specifies what the program should accomplish rather than detailing the steps to accomplish it.
- Facts and Rules: Programs are built from facts and rules which are used to derive new information.
- Logical Inference: Prolog uses backward chaining (from goals to facts) to infer answers to queries.
Table of Contents
Syntax:
- Facts: Basic assertions about objects or their relationships.
- Rules: Conditional statements that define relationships between facts.
- Queries: Questions asked to the Prolog system to retrieve information based on facts and rules.
Example in Prolog
Consider a simple family relationship example:
Facts
parent(john, mary).
parent(mary, susan).
parent(mary, tom).
Rule
grandparent(X, Y) :- parent(X, Z), parent(Z, Y).
Query
To find out if John is a grandparent of Susan, you would query:
?- grandparent(john, susan).
Prolog will respond:
true.
Shortcut Keys Table (Common in Prolog Environments)
Shortcut Key | Description |
---|---|
Ctrl + N | Create a new Prolog file |
Ctrl + O | Open an existing Prolog file |
Ctrl + S | Save the current Prolog file |
Ctrl + B | Compile or build the Prolog program |
Ctrl + F5 | Run the Prolog program |
Ctrl + Z | Undo the last action |
Ctrl + Y | Redo the last undone action |
Ctrl + X | Cut selected text or line |
Ctrl + C | Copy selected text or line |
Ctrl + V | Paste copied text or line |
Ctrl + A | Select all text in the current editor |
Ctrl + D | Delete the current line or selected text |
Ctrl + F | Search for text in the current editor |
F3 | Find the next occurrence of the searched text |
Shift + F3 | Find the previous occurrence of the searched text |
Ctrl + H | Replace text in the current editor |
Ctrl + G | Go to a specific line number |
Ctrl + / | Comment or uncomment selected lines |
Ctrl + Shift + F | Format or beautify the Prolog code |
Notes:
- The shortcut keys may vary slightly depending on the specific Prolog development environment (such as SWI-Prolog, GNU Prolog) or the text editor being used.
- It is always good to refer to the specific documentation or help section of the environment or editor for accurate and updated shortcut keys.
This information and the shortcut keys table provide a foundational understanding of Prolog and facilitate efficient programming and debugging.
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